Writing and Illustrating Children's Books

As a husband and wife writing team, Caroline and I want every

one of you writers out there to be the best you can be. We want

you to spread your wings creatively while honing your skills in

the craft of writing and the craft of getting a manuscript

published. There is no greater thrill than to see your work

become a book on the shelves of Barnes & Noble or Borders.

We'll take it a step at a time. Print this stuff out. Share it! Tell

people where to come to get more. And there will be more, so

stay tuned!

Part I:
Getting on top of the pile

 

            An editor friend of ours once told us that she had

received just under 1000 manuscripts in the past month. She had

two interns who would help her sift through the pile of treasures

from these many hopeful writers, but the task was still daunting.

Her story served to underline the fact that it is a jungle out there,

and the competition is fierce. How can a new writer get a

manuscript noticed with 999 others waiting beside, on top of, and

underneath it?


            There are ways. The first step is the query letter. A query

letter is essentially a tool for authors to ask permission to submit

a manuscript. However, a well-done query will give you a leg up

on the next author in line. The goal of your letter is two-fold:

 

(1) You want to elicit a "yes" from the editor, so that you have

permission to send your no-editor-can-resist proposal for your

book, and

(2) You want to make a good first impression so that the editor

will remember your name when the manuscript crosses his or her

desk.

            How can you do all of this? The first thing to keep in

mind is to keep it brief. If the editor must shuffle through nearly

a thousand queries a month, which one will that editor be more

likely to read? Give yourself no more than four lines to

communicate what needs to be communicated. Here's how to do

it:

In your first line, introduce yourself by saying why you are

interested in this particular publishing house. You might mention

titles already in their lineup that relate to the project you want to

do.

In your second line, outline any writing experience you have, and

any specific personal experience that makes you ideal for writing

what you want to write. For example, a friend of mine wanted to

write a children's book on autism. She had never been published,

and had moderate writing experience, but she did have an autistic

son. Her personal experience made her an ideal writer for the

project she was proposing.

In your third line, give a brief synopsis or theme of your book

and target audience (i.e. ages 8 to 12).

Finally, ask if they would be open to you sending a formal

proposal and either an excerpt (if it is a longer illustrated book or

a chapter book) or a full manuscript (for younger audiences and

shorter books). IMPORTANT: Always be sure to include a self-

addressed, stamped envelope!

            For more about getting on top of the pile, watch for our

upcoming echapter!

            These are the critical elements of a query letter. But to

whom should you send it? How do you find out? More about that

in Part II: Finding the Right Publisher.

feedback? cosmicart@stock-space-images.com

 

Part II: Finding the Right Publisher

            One of the most important steps in getting your book

published is to find the right publisher. With very rare

exceptions, publishers are not philanthropists. They are in

business, and you must be able to convince them that zillions of

people will buy copies of your book. Additionally, the publisher

must be the right "fit"—namely, a house that is already

publishing the kind of book you have in mind. For example, a

publisher of teen novels will not be interested in your adventure

involving 8 to 12 year olds.


            The three best tools you can use to track down the

publisher of your dreams are:


            (1) The library. Go to the section in the library that

displays the same genre as your work, for the same target age

group. See what's popular. Write down titles and publishers and,

where possible, contact information. The greatest advantage of a

library is…the librarian! This valuable resource person can point

you in the right direction and answer some of your toughest

questions.


            (2) The bookstore. Browse the titles and mine publisher's

information.


            (3) The Writer's Market. This incredible book is worth

its weight in gold. Updated each year, it gives information on

types of publishers, contact information, and whether or not they

accept unagented manuscripts or manuscripts from unpublished

authors.


            For more on finding the right publisher, watch for our

upcoming echapter!


Are you a bit fuzzy on just what genre your book falls into? Then

log on for our October installment; Part III: Genres. See you

soon!


feedback? cosmicart@stock-space-images.com

 

Part III: Genres and book categories

            When writing a manuscript, we have discussed how

critical it is to know your audience. It is just as important to

know the identity of your book. Is it a mystery? An adventure?

Non-fiction? The identity of your book is called its genre.


            Genres are a bit difficult to pin down, as there are so

many sub-categories, but we'll give it a go. There are picture

books (including alphabet and counting books, nursery rhymes,

and wordless books), picture storybooks, traditional literature,

historical fiction, modern fantasy, contemporary fiction (stories

that could happen in everyday life), science fiction, non-fiction

(science, history, biography), and poetry.


            In Part II, we discussed developmental stages of readers.

These stages dictate what type of book you will be proposing to a

publisher. The industry breaks down books by age group. We'll

explore book types arranged roughly by age, from youngest to

oldest readers. The categories fall out in the following way:

 A Picture Book, generally, is a book in which the art plays the

largest role—or at least shares equally the limelight with the text.

Picture books fall into four subcategories:


            (1) Baby Books are usually small format, colorful books

with poems, simple words or songs. Some have no text at all.


            (2) Toddler books are targeted for ages 1-3, and typically

relate simple stories that relate to everyday life in childhood.

These books can be conventional paper—often laminated—or

board books. Books at this level often include pop-ups, flaps, or

areas of texture (like sandpaper, slick plastic or cloth).


            (3) Picture Storybooks (or non-fiction Picture Books)

are keyed to ages 4 to 8. These books contain simple plots, run

between 1000 to 1500 words, and can be up to 32 pages in length.

Non-fiction picture books may stretch to age 10 and up to 48

pages (~2200 words).

 

Easy-To-Read books (or Easy Readers) are for children who

are beginning to read by themselves (ages 6 to 8 or so). Sentences

and words remain simple. The pictures are smaller, and some

pages have only text, set in large font. Some Easy Readers for

younger kids have about 200 words in the text, while the high-

end ones may run over 1500 words with up to 48 pages.

 

Transition Books are the first books broken into chapters of 2-3

pages each. These books appeal to kids in the 6-9 age range, and

help kids transition from Easy-to-Reads to full chapter books.

Transition books are illustrated every few pages, usually in black

and white. Transition books emphasize action rather than

description, and characters are simple.

 

Chapter Books hit a target group from ages 7 to 10. Your

manuscript should run 40 to 60 pages, with chapters beginning

every three or four pages. Chapters usually end in "cliff-hangers"

to keep readers interested.

 

Mid-range or Middle Grade books: You will notice that most

of our books have been for ages 8-12, and there's a good reason.

This is the largest and most dynamic section of children's

literature today. These readers can handle longer novels (100 to

175 pages), nuanced characters, and more complex plot twists.

Non-fiction books begin to broach complicated and technical

subjects.

 

Young Adult (YA): YA books actually begin at age 12 and go up

through middle school. YA books have complicated plots and

symbolism, and often contemporary themes. Because of this, YA

books often have darker themes not found even a decade ago.

Young teen readers can handle multiple characters, and character

development becomes important. We'll talk about character in a

future installment.

 

Editors want to know your genre and your target audience. The

breakdown of book categories above, along with our genre list,

will help you succinctly describe your project in your proposal,

and will help you be consistent in your text. Stick to your

audience and you'll be in good shape. For more detail on each

category, watch for our upcoming echapter!


Next time, we'll explore a bit about our audience in

"Developmental Stages of Readers".

feedback?cosmicart@stock-space-images.com

 

 

 

Part IV: Developmental Stages of Readers

 

            In addition to focusing the genre of your book, it's critical

to know your audience. What are their capabilities? What are

their issues and interests?


            First, to capabilities: children of different ages have

differing vocabulary. A good word processing program will tell

you for what age group your vocabulary is appropriate. In

Microsoft Word, for example, this feature is found in the Check

Spelling and Grammar tool, and will pop up in a window after

you spell-check the document. This window refers to the Fleisch-

Kincaid scale, which is an indicator of developmental levels for

readers.


            WARNING: An important exception to the use of these

scales occurs when you are writing technical terms. For example,

our children's science book manuscripts are thrown off by the

technical terms we use. Automatic checkers cannot tell if you

have explained things well; they simply tell you that your text is

using words too sophisticated for a given age group. But you can

get around this by selecting text that has no technical terms. This

will tell you if your level of writing matches your target age

group. If you must use technical terms in a book, just make sure

you explain those terms in language appropriate to your target

group.


            Readers also have differing attention spans, so books for

young readers are necessarily shorter than those for older readers.

(See book categories in Part III)


            Now, to the issue of issues. What are the issues facing

your target age group? How do you find out? The answer to the

last question is simply to talk to people. The best people to talk

to are those in your target age group. Chat with your kids and

their friends (or your grandkids and their friends). Think about

neighbors, friends, and anyone else in your social circles. People

of any age are usually happy to tell you what is important to

them. Teachers and children's librarians are also a good source.


            It is of the utmost importance that you do not talk down to

your audience. Find their level and hit it, grammatically and in

content. If you are writing a novel, remember that the characters

who fall into your target age group are the ones who save the

day, usually outsmarting or outthinking some poor dolt of an

adult!


            Don't be afraid to challenge your readers a bit. Use a

couple big words that they can figure out by context. Present

them with sophisticated descriptions of characters and settings.

Children are good observers of life. Feed their imaginations and

curiosities!


            For more important information on developmental stages

of child readers, watch for our upcoming echapter!

 

feedback?cosmicart@stock-space-images.com

 

 

 

 

 

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